The effect of pruning on photosynthesis indices, physiological, biochemical traits and expression pattern of some genes involved in phenol metabolism in olive (Olea europaea L. cv. Zard)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.

2 Associate professor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Group, Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Rasht, Iran

4 Professor, Parma Research and Development Center, University of Idaho, USA.

10.30466/rip.2023.121348

Abstract

Olive tree is one of the most important horticultural crops in Iran. To increase yield efficiency, attention to orchard management practices such as pruning is essential. In order to investigate the effect of different pruning intensities on physiological and biochemical parameters of olive trees cv. Zard, an experiment was conducted at the Rudbar Olive Research Station during two consecutive years (2019–2020). Pruning was applied at four levels: control (no pruning), 15, 30, and 45% reduction of canopy volume, referred to as light, moderate, and hard pruning, respectively, in February of the first year.The results indicated that the highest phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) gene expression and enzyme activity, and the lowest polyphenol oxidase (PPO) gene expression and enzyme activity in leaf tissue were obtained under moderate pruning treatment. The enhanced total phenol content under 30% pruning intensity had a direct relationship with increased PAL gene expression and enzyme activity. The rate of photosynthesis in July, corresponding with flower induction, was higher in moderate and light pruning treatments due to increased Rubisco gene expression. Hard pruning showed negative effects on PAL and PPO enzyme activities, along with adverse effects on their gene expression patterns and Rubisco gene expression. In general, based on the studied parameters, especially those related to photosynthesis and phenolic compound metabolism, a 30% canopy reduction is recommended as an appropriate pruning intensity in olive orchard management.

Keywords

References

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