Effect of salinity stress on photosynthetic changes in some selected Pomegranate (Punica granatum) genotypes in northern Iran

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran.

10.30466/rip.2023.54511.1263

Abstract

One of the most important objectives in establishing modern pomegranate orchards is achieving an appropriate economic yield under salinity stress. Therefore, the identification and use of salt-tolerant genotypes are highly important. This experiment was conducted in 2020 as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design. The first factor consisted of 15 pomegranate cultivars and genotypes, including four wild genotypes from germplasm collections (Incheh-Borun, Aliabad, and Kordkuy from Golestan Province and Miankaleh from Mazandaran Province), eight local cultivars (Qand and Torsh Gorgan, Shirin, Torsh and Gol-Anar Behshahr, Fereshteh Ghermez Sari, and Shirin and Torsh Shiyvand Khuzestan), two commercial export cultivars (Yousefkhani and Melas Momtaz Saveh), and one foreign cultivar (‘Wonderful’). The second factor consisted of irrigation water salinity at three levels: control, 2.5 and 6.4 g L⁻¹ sodium chloride, equivalent to EC values of 1.4, 4, and 8 dS m⁻¹, respectively, with four replications, applied to pomegranate seedlings. After rooting, establishment, and sufficient growth of the cuttings in pots, salinity stress was imposed in July and continued for two and a half months, after which photosynthetic traits were measured. The results showed that, in most of the genotypes and cultivars studied, following the application of salinity stress, photosynthetic indices such as chamber carbon dioxide, assimilated carbon dioxide, photosynthetic gas flow, photosynthetically active radiation, leaf stomatal water vapor conductance, carbon dioxide assimilation rate, and quantum yield decreased, whereas endogenous auxin signals increased. After ranking, at the end of the experiment, Wonderful was identified as the most salt-tolerant genotype, whereas Shirin Behshahr was identified as the most salt-sensitive genotype.

Keywords

References

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Research in Pomology
Volume 9, Issue 1
November 2024
Pages 130-142

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