Evaluation of fatty acid percentage and content in some almond cultivars and genotypes (Prunus dulcis Mill.)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 MSc. Student in Horticultural Sciences, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Iran Horticultural Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.

10.30466/rip.2023.54702.1280

Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate the percentage and composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in almond kernel oil of different cultivars and genotypes, including A200, K14-24, K9-2, KD-8(48), K16-30, A100-8-2, Rabie, Roby, Saba, and Supernova. The study was conducted in 2021 at the Karaj Horticultural Sciences Research Station affiliated with the Temperate and Cold Fruit Research Institute, using a randomized complete block design with 10 treatments (10 selected almond genotypes and cultivars) and three replications. Based on the results, the highest dry fruit weight was observed in Rabie, with 4.3 g, whereas the lowest dry fruit weight was recorded in Roby, with 1.80 g. The highest almond kernel oil percentage was measured in ‘Saba’ (63.50%), while the lowest oil percentages were recorded in K14-24 and Roby (50.50% and 50.60%, respectively). The highest butyric acid content was observed in ‘Supernova’ (0.57%), the highest palmitic acid content in Roby (9.75%), and the highest stearic and palmitoleic acid contents in K9-2 (2.80% and 0.96%, respectively). The highest percentage of heptadecanoic acid was observed in Rabie (0.51%), linoleic acid in Roby (27.22%), and oleic acid in genotype A100-8-2 (76.78%). Among the fatty acids, butyric acid and heptadecanoic acid showed the highest coefficients of variation and exhibited greater variability. According to the results, the kernel oil of the almond cultivars evaluated contained considerable amounts of unsaturated fatty acids, including oleic and linoleic acids, which are nutritionally important. Saba, due to its highest oil percentage, and Roby, because of its highest linoleic acid content, were placed in separate groups in the cluster analysis.

Keywords

References

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Research in Pomology
Volume 9, Issue 2
February 2025
Pages 13-23

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