تأثیر نانوذرات سبز سیلیس و نقره، اپی براسینولید و متیل جاسمونات بر فعالیت آنزیمهای دفاعی و ماندگاری سیب رقم فوجی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری علوم باغبانی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

4 استاد گروه علوم باغبانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

5 استادیار گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

10.30466/rip.2022.54118.1228

چکیده

نانو پوشش‌های سبز و هورمون‌های گیاهی می‌توانند ضمن حفظ ترکیبات مفید و کاهش ضایعات محصولات باغی باعث بهبود عملکرد چرخه تولید و مصرف در فرآیند پس از برداشت شوند. در این راستا، اثرات دو نانوذره زیست سازگار سیلیس و نقره با غلظت‌های (500، 1000 و 1500 پی ­پی ­ام) و (10، 30 و 50 پی ­پی ­ام)، اپی ­براسینولید (4، 7 و 10 میکرومول در لیتر) و متیل جاسمونات (20، 40 و 100 میکرومول در لیتر) بر کیفیت نگهداری میوه سیب فوجی به مدت چهار ماه بررسی شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام گردید. نانوسیلیس سبز از خاکستر سبوس برنج و نانونقره سبز از عصاره آبی پوست پرتقال تولید گردید. در مقایسه با میوه‌های شاهد، نانوذرات به‌طور مؤثری کاهش وزن را در طول دوره نگهداری به تأخیر انداختند. افزایش مواد جامد محلول و کاهش اسیدیته کل با تیمار نانوذرات نقره و متیل جاسمونات مهار شد. میزان فنل کل در میوه‌های سیب تیمار شده با نانوپوشش‌ها، بسیار بیشتر از شاهد بود. در میوه ­های تیمار شده، فعالیت آنزیم­ های کاتالاز، پراکسیداز و سوپراکسید دیسموتاز بالا بود، به‌ویژه اپی ­براسینولید و متیل­ جاسمونات تأثیر قابل‌توجهی بر فعالیت پراکسیداز داشتند. درصد پوسیدگی سیب­ ها در طول زمان نگهداری، افزایش یافت اما این افزایش در نمونه‌های تیمارشده با نانونقره به‌طور چشمگیری پائین­ تر از نمونه ­های شاهد بود. در مجموع نانوذرات سبز سیلیس، نقره و همچنین هورمون‌های اپی­ براسینولید و متیل ­جاسمونات در حفظ کیفیت و افزایش عمر پس از برداشت میوه سیب فوجی موثر بود.

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